主要成分 |
树皮含β-谷甾醇-β-D-葡萄糖甙(β-sitosterol-β-D-glucoside),胆碱(choline),β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(β-amyrinacetate),β-香树脂酮(β-amyrone,β-amyrenone)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)。叶含氨基酸(aminoacid),表荭草素(epiorientin),扁轴木素(parkinsonin)A、B,荭草素(orientin),异荭草素(isoorientin),牡荆素(vitexin)和异牡荆素(isovitexin),6,8-二-C-葡萄糖基木犀草素(luceninⅡ),6,8-C-葡萄糖基芹菜素(viceninⅡ),香叶木素-6-C-β-葡萄糖甙(diosmetin-6-C-β-glucoside),芹菜素(apigenin),木犀草素(luteolin),山奈酚(kaempferol),金圣草黄素(chrysoeriol)和皮罗因-6-C-β-D-葡萄糖甙(pilloin-6-C-β-D-gluco-side)。亦含β-谷甾醉-β-D-葡萄糖甙(β-sitosterol-β-D-glucoside),胆碱(choline),β-香树脂酸乙酸酯(β-amyrinacetate),β-香树脂酮(β-amyrone,β-amyrenone)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)。种子含白蛋白(albumin),谷蛋白(glutelin),N-酰氨基酸氨基水解酶(N-acylaminoacidaminohydrolase)和氨基转移酶(aminocylase)。花合表荭草素(epiorientin),扁轴木素A、B。 |
1.龙胆根含裂环烯醚萜甙类苦味成分:龙胆苦甙(gentiopicroside),当药苦甙(swertiamarin),当药甙(sweroside),苦龙胆酯甙(amarogentin),痕量苦当药酯甙(amaroswerin);苦甙总含量可高达7.33%,而龙胆苦甙含量可达6.34%[1]。生物碱:龙胆碱即秦艽碱甲(gentianine0.05%[2],龙胆黄碱(gentioflavine)[3]。2.条叶龙胆根含裂环烯醚萜甙类苦味成分:龙胆苦甙,当药苦甙,当药甙,苦龙胆酯甙,痕量苦当药酯甙;苦甙总含量可达4.35%,而龙胆苦甙含量为4.15%[1]。3.三花龙胆根含裂环烯酸萜类成分:龙胆苦甙,当药苦甙,当药甙,痕量苦当药酯甙;苦甙总含量为3.95%,而龙胆苦甙含量为3.66%[1]。还含三花龙胆甙(TCMLIBifloroside)[4]。4.滇龙胆根含裂环烯醚萜甙类苦味成分:龙服苦甙,当药苦甙,当药甙,痕量苦龙胆酯甙,痕量苦当药酯甙;苦甙总含量5.10%,龙胆苦甙含量5.01%[1]。地上部分含龙胆碱,秦艽碱乙(gentianidine),秦艽碱丙(gentianal),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)[5]。
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