主要成分 |
茎髓含多种菲类衍生物,已分离得到:灯心草二酚(effusos),6-甲基灯心草二酚(juncusol),灯心草酚(juncunol),2,6-二羟基-1,7-二甲基-5-乙烯基-9,10-二氢菲(2,6-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethyl-5-ethenyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene),2,7-二羟基-1,8-二甲基-5-乙烯基-9,10-二氢菲(2,7-dihydroxy-1,8-dimethyl-5-ethenyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene),2,8-二羟基-1,6-二甲基-5-乙烯基-9,10-二氢菲(2,8-dihydroxy-1,6-dimethyl-5-ethenyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene),8-羟基-2-甲氧基-1,6-二甲基-5-乙烯基9,10-二氢菲(2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,8-dimethyl-5-ethenyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene),2-羟基-7-羧基-1-甲基-5-乙烯基-9,10-二氢菲(2-hydroxy-7-carboxy-1-methyl-5-ethenyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene),2-羟基-8-羧基-1-甲基-5-乙烯基-9,10-二氢菲(2-hydroxy-8-carboxy-1-methyl-5-ethenyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene),2,3-二羟基-1,7-二甲基-5-乙烯基-9,10-二氢菲(2,3-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethyl-5-ethenyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene),灯心草酮(juncunone),5-甲酰基-2-羟基-1,8-二甲基-7-甲氧基-9,10-二氢菲(5-formyl-2-hydroxy-1,8-dimethyl-7-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene),5-甲酰基-2,6-羟基-1,7-二甲基9,10-二氢菲(5-formyl-2,6-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene),5-(1-羟乙基)-2,6-二羟基-1,7-二甲基-9,10-二氢菲[(1-hydroxyethyl)-2,6-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene],5-(1-甲氧基乙基)-2,6-二羟基-1,7-二甲基9,10-二氢菲[5-(1-methoxyethyl)-2,6-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene],5-(1-羟乙基)-2,8-二羟基-1,7-二甲基-9,10-二氢菲[5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2,8-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene],2,6-二羟基-1,7-二甲基-9,10-二氢菲(2,6-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene),去氢灯心草二酚(dehydroeffusol),去氢灯心草醛(dehydroeffusal),去氢-6-甲基灯心草二酚(dehydrojuncusol)。还含2,8-二羟基-1,7-二甲基-5-乙烯基-10,11-二氢二苯并[b,f]氧杂庚烷(2,8-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethyl-6-ethenyl-10,11-dihydrodibenz[b,f]-oxepin),α-单-对-香豆酸甘油酯(mono-p-coumaroyl glyceride),木犀草素(luteolin)。全草含挥发油,内有:芳樟醇(lonalool),2-十一烷酮(2-undecanone),2-十三烷酮(2-tridecanone),4-对-芋烯-3酮(p-menth-4-en-3-one),1,2-二氢-1,5,8-三甲基萘(1,2-dihydro-1,5,8-trimethylanaphthalene),α-及β-紫罗兰酮(ionone),β-甜没药烯(β-bisabolene),β-苯乙醇(β-phenylethyl alcohol),苯酚(phenol),对-甲基苯酚(p-cresol),6,10,14-三甲基-2-十五烷酮(6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one),丁香油酚(eugenol),二氢弥猴桃内酯(dihydroactinidiolide),α-香附酮(α-cyperone),香草醛(vanillin),癸酸(capric acid),月桂酸(lauric acid),肉豆蔻酸(myristic acid),硬脂酸(stearic acid),油酸(oleic acid),亚油酸(linoleic acid)以及C12至C24的烃类。又含苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine),正缬氨酸(norvaline),蛋氨酸(methionine),色氨酸(tryptophane),β-丙氨酸(β-alanine)等氨基酸和由二分子谷氨酸(glutamic acid)与一分子缬氨酸(valine)组成的三肽(tripeptide)以及葡萄糖(glucose),半乳糖(galactose),阿拉伯聚糖(araban),木聚糖(xylan)甲基戊聚糖(methylpentosan)等糖类。还含木犀草素,木犀草素-7-葡萄糖甙(luteolin7-glucoside),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)和β-谷甾醇葡萄糖甙(β-sitosterol glucoside)等。 |
全草含有杧果甙(mangiferin),齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid),1,8-二羟基-3,5-二甲氧基呫吨酮(1,8-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone),1-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基呫吨酮(1hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone),1-羟基-3,7,8-三甲氧基呫吨酮(1-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone),8-羟基-1,3,5-三甲氧基呫吨酮(8-hydroxy-1,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone),1,8-二羟基-3,7-二甲氧基呫吨酮(1,8-dihydroxy-3, 7-dimethOxyxanthone),1,7,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基呫吨酮(1,7,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone),1,3,8-三羟基-5-甲氧基呫吨酮(1,3,8-trihydrox-十methoxyxanthone),1,7-二羟基-3,4,8-三甲氧基呫吨酮(1,7-dihydrox-3,4,8-trimethoxyxanthone)又名芷茵陈呫吨酮(zangyinchenin)。还含苦龙甙(amarogentin),当药素(swertisin),8-0β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1,3,5-三羟基呫吨酮(8-0-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1,3,5-trihydroxyxanthone),8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基〕-1,7-二羟基-3-甲氧基呫吨酮{8-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-1,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone},7-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基-1,8-二羟基-3-甲氧基呫吨酮(7-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone),70-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖基]-.1,8-二羟基-3甲氧基呫吨酮{7-O-[α-L-rhamnopyrancoyl(l→2)-β-D-xy1opyranosyl]-1,8-dihydrox-3-methoxyxanthone},3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-1,8-二羟基-5-甲氧基呫吨酮(3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1,8-dihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone)。 |