药性 | 温 | 温 |
药味 | 辛 | 辛 |
归经 | 心经 | 肝经 |
主要成分 | 根部心材含多种黄酮类成分,属异黄酮的有:刺芒柄花素(formononetin),鲍迪木醌(bowdichione),3'-甲氧基大豆素(3'-methoxydaidzein);属黄烷酮的有:甘草甙元(liquiritigenin);属查耳酮的有:异甘草甙元(isoliquiritigenin),2'-O-甲基异甘草甙元(2'-O-methylisoliquiritigenin);属异黄烷的有:(3R)-驴食草酚[(3R)-vestitol](3R)-环裂豆醌[(3R)-claussequinone],5'-甲氧基驴食草酚[(3R)-5'-ethoxyvestitol],3',8-二羟基驴食草酚[(3R)-3,8-dihydroxyvestitol],消旋的微凸剑叶莎酚(mucronulatol),右旋的剑叶莎属异黄烷(duartin),消旋的异剑叶莎属异黄烷(isoduartin),降香异黄烯(odoriflavene(;属异黄烷酮的有:(3R)-2',3'-7-三羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷酮[(3R)-2',3',-7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxylsoflavanone〕。还含双异黄烷类成分:(3R, 4R)-反式-2',3',7-三羟基-4'-申氧基-4[(3R)-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'-基]异黄烷{(3R,4R)-trans-2',3',7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-4-[(3R)-2,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoflavan-5'-yl]-isoflavan},(3R,4R)-反式2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-4-[(3R)-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'-基]异黄烷{(3R,4R)-trans-2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-[(3R)-2',7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoflavan-5-yl]isoflavan},(3R,4R)-反式-3'下,7-二羟基-2',4'-二甲氧基-4[(3R)2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'-基]异黄烷{(3R,4R)-trans-3',7-dihydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxy-4-[(3R)-2',7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoflavan-5'-yl]isoflavan,7-羟基-4'-甲氧基-2',5'-二氧-4-[(3R)-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'-基〕异黄烷{7-hydroxy-4'-methoxy2',5'-dioxo-4-[(3R(-2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan-5'-yl]isoflavan},(3R,4R)-反式-3',7-二羟基-2',4'-二甲氧基-4-[(2S)-4',5,7-三羟基黄烷酮-6-基]异黄烷{(3R,4R)-trans-3',7-dihydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxy-4-[(2S)-4',5,7-trihydroxyflavanone-6-yl]isoflavan},2,3-二去氧-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-3-[2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-6-基]黄烷{2,3-didehydro-2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-3-2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan-6-yl]flavan},2,3-二去氧-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-3-[2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'基]黄烷[2,3-didehydro-2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-3-(2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan-5'-yl)flavan],2,3-二去氧-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-3-(2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'基)黄酮[2,3-didehydro-2' 7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-3-(2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan-5'-yl(flavan]。又含紫檀烷类成分:美迪紫檀素(medicarpin),左旋的9-O-甲基尼森香豌豆紫檀酚(9-O-methyl-nissolin),左旋的白香草木犀紫檀酚(melilotocarpan)C及D,左旋的季香紫檀素(odoricarpin)。还含肉桂基苯酚类成分:钝叶黄檀苏合香烯(obtustyrene),异微凸剑叶莎苏合香烯。又含2-羟基-3,4-二甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯(methyl2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxybenzoate),2',6-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-2-芳基苯并呋喃(2',6-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-2-arylbenzofuran)。 |
鲜枝叶含挥发油0.3%-0.4%,其中主含香豆粗(coumarin),乙酸龙脑酯(bornylacetate),芳樟醇(lina-lool)[1],泽兰醇(eupatol)[2],左旋泽兰烯(eupatene)[3]。地上部分含黄酮类:异樱花素(isosakuranetin),飞机草素(odor-atin)[4,5],刺槐素(acacetin)[5],樱花素(sakuranetin),山柰素(kaempferide),树柳素(tamarixetin)[6],三裂鼠尾草素(salvige-nin)[7],异樱花素-7-甲醚(isosakuranetin-7-methylether),4,5-二羟基-3,7-二甲氧基黄酮(4,5-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone)[8],4,5,6,7-四甲氧基黄烷酮(4,5,6,7-tetramethoxyflavanone),4-羟基-5,6,7-三甲氧基黄烷酮(4-hydroxy-5,6,7-trimethoxyflavanone),2,4-二羟基-4′,5′,6′-三甲氧基查耳酮(2′,4-dihydroxy-4,5,6-trimethoxychalcone)[9]等。还含羽房豆醇(lupeol),β-香树脂醇(β-amyrin),环氧羽房豆醇(epoxy-lupeol)[10],茴香酸(anisicacid)[11],蜡醇(cerylalcohol)以及α-、β-和γ-谷甾醇(sitosterol)[12]。 |
用法用量 | 内服:煎汤,3-6g;研末吞服1-2g;或入丸、散。外用:适量,研末敷。 |
外用:适量,鲜品捣敷或揉碎涂擦。 |
注意事项 | ||
临床应用 | ||
功效主治 | 活血散瘀,止血定痛,降气,辟秽。主胸胁疼痛,跌打损伤,创伤出血,以及寒疝疼痛或秽浊内阻之呕吐腹痛。 |
散瘀消肿;解毒;止血。主跌打肿痛;疮疡肿毒;稻田性皮炎;外伤出血;旱怒蝗咬后流血不止 |