药性 | 温 | 平 |
药味 | 辛 | 甘 |
归经 | 心经 | 肾经 |
主要成分 | 根部心材含多种黄酮类成分,属异黄酮的有:刺芒柄花素(formononetin),鲍迪木醌(bowdichione),3'-甲氧基大豆素(3'-methoxydaidzein);属黄烷酮的有:甘草甙元(liquiritigenin);属查耳酮的有:异甘草甙元(isoliquiritigenin),2'-O-甲基异甘草甙元(2'-O-methylisoliquiritigenin);属异黄烷的有:(3R)-驴食草酚[(3R)-vestitol](3R)-环裂豆醌[(3R)-claussequinone],5'-甲氧基驴食草酚[(3R)-5'-ethoxyvestitol],3',8-二羟基驴食草酚[(3R)-3,8-dihydroxyvestitol],消旋的微凸剑叶莎酚(mucronulatol),右旋的剑叶莎属异黄烷(duartin),消旋的异剑叶莎属异黄烷(isoduartin),降香异黄烯(odoriflavene(;属异黄烷酮的有:(3R)-2',3'-7-三羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷酮[(3R)-2',3',-7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxylsoflavanone〕。还含双异黄烷类成分:(3R, 4R)-反式-2',3',7-三羟基-4'-申氧基-4[(3R)-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'-基]异黄烷{(3R,4R)-trans-2',3',7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-4-[(3R)-2,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoflavan-5'-yl]-isoflavan},(3R,4R)-反式2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-4-[(3R)-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'-基]异黄烷{(3R,4R)-trans-2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-[(3R)-2',7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoflavan-5-yl]isoflavan},(3R,4R)-反式-3'下,7-二羟基-2',4'-二甲氧基-4[(3R)2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'-基]异黄烷{(3R,4R)-trans-3',7-dihydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxy-4-[(3R)-2',7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoflavan-5'-yl]isoflavan,7-羟基-4'-甲氧基-2',5'-二氧-4-[(3R)-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'-基〕异黄烷{7-hydroxy-4'-methoxy2',5'-dioxo-4-[(3R(-2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan-5'-yl]isoflavan},(3R,4R)-反式-3',7-二羟基-2',4'-二甲氧基-4-[(2S)-4',5,7-三羟基黄烷酮-6-基]异黄烷{(3R,4R)-trans-3',7-dihydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxy-4-[(2S)-4',5,7-trihydroxyflavanone-6-yl]isoflavan},2,3-二去氧-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-3-[2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-6-基]黄烷{2,3-didehydro-2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-3-2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan-6-yl]flavan},2,3-二去氧-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-3-[2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'基]黄烷[2,3-didehydro-2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-3-(2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan-5'-yl)flavan],2,3-二去氧-2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-3-(2',7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄烷-5'基)黄酮[2,3-didehydro-2' 7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-3-(2',7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan-5'-yl(flavan]。又含紫檀烷类成分:美迪紫檀素(medicarpin),左旋的9-O-甲基尼森香豌豆紫檀酚(9-O-methyl-nissolin),左旋的白香草木犀紫檀酚(melilotocarpan)C及D,左旋的季香紫檀素(odoricarpin)。还含肉桂基苯酚类成分:钝叶黄檀苏合香烯(obtustyrene),异微凸剑叶莎苏合香烯。又含2-羟基-3,4-二甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯(methyl2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxybenzoate),2',6-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-2-芳基苯并呋喃(2',6-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-2-arylbenzofuran)。 |
芸薹子含葡萄糖异硫氰酸酯类成分:葡萄糖芫蓄芥素(gluconapin),葡萄糖异硫氰酸戊-4-烯-酯(glucobrassicanapin),前告伊春(progoitrin);又含脂肪油,蛋白质,芸香甙(rutin);菜子甾醇(brassicasterol),22-去氢菜油甾醇(22-dehydro-campesterol)及较多量的丙氨酸(alanine),缬氨酸(valine),天冬氨酸(asparticacid),赖氨酸(lysine),蛋氨酸(methionine)等;还含磷脂酰肌醇(phosphatidylinositol),磷脂酰胆碱(phosphatidylcholine),磷脂酰乙醇胺(phosphatidylethanolamine),芥酸(erucicacid),阿糖配半乳聚糖(arabinogalactan)等。 |
用法用量 | 内服:煎汤,3-6g;研末吞服1-2g;或入丸、散。外用:适量,研末敷。 |
内服:煎汤,5-10g;或入丸、散。外用:适量,研末调敷 |
注意事项 | 阴血虚,大便溏者禁服。 | |
临床应用 | 1.芸薹散(《产乳集验》),治产后恶露不下,血结冲心刺痛,并治产后心腹诸疾。2.芸薹散(《世医得效方》),治产后血气冲心,不省人事。3.治头痛方(《圣惠方》):芸薹子,川大黄,捣散,取少许吹鼻中。4.止痢散(《圣惠方》):芸薹子,甘草,捣散,水煎服。治大肠风毒,下血不止。 | |
功效主治 | 活血散瘀,止血定痛,降气,辟秽。主胸胁疼痛,跌打损伤,创伤出血,以及寒疝疼痛或秽浊内阻之呕吐腹痛。 |
活血化瘀;消肿散结;润肠通便。主产后恶露不尽;瘀血腹痛;痛经;肠风下血;血痢;风湿关节肿痛;痈肿丹毒;乳痈;便秘;粘连性肠梗阻 |